Kirati: They are decendents of the Kirati's who first formed the kingdom in the Kathmandu Valley. They now mainly live in far eastern Nepal. Kirati people are well known for their courage and bravery and are often recruited into armies abroad like the more famous Gurkhas. The religious text of Limbu is the Mundhum.
Newars: Newars are mainly settled in Kathmandu Valley and in major trading centers throughout the kingdom. They have Mongolian features and their own language and script, Newari, believed to have its origin from Tibeto-Burmans. Hinduism and Buddhism are their main religions. Trade and farming are their main occupations.
Magars: Their origin is basically found in hill regions of western Nepal. Their language, Magar Kura, depicts their affinity to the Tibetan-Burmese tongue and culture. Farming, military service, weaving, hunting, and fishing are their major occupations.
Gurungs: They are mostly settled along the higher slopes of the Annapurna areas and the Kali Gandaki river above the Baglung district. They are farmers of rice and grains and also sheep. They are ethnically related to Magars, Thakalis and Kiratis in eastern Nepal. The Gurung people love music and they have their own language.
Brahmin and chhetris: Two large groups distributed in scattered patterns all over the country, which are considered the two highest castes in Nepal. . Brahmins are believed to have migrated from India while Chhetris are from the present day Khasa people from Khasi. They are divided into two major streams, the Purba and Umai. The Kumain people are of the origin of Kumo, Northern India, and Uttar Pradesh. Their social practices depend upon Hindu religious epics. They speak Nepali, the national language of Nepal and use a script with basis in Sanskrit.
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